Importance of Resource Management System

Subject:	Management
Pages:	5
Words:	1545
Reading time:	7 min
Study level:	PhD

Questions and Strategies
Evaluation of Reference Management and Filing Systems
Charts
References

Questions and Strategies

Each of the research articles that will be selected for the dissertation is to be examined with the help of the following questions:

What are the main ideas and arguments of the authors?
What are the theories and models that were used to develop the hypotheses?
Why the results of the article are pertinent to the dissertation and worthwhile to research?
Were the interpretations of the findings appropriate and bias-free?
How the given article confirms or rejects the dominant assumptions exiting in the literature?
What are the implications of the results to theory and/or practice?
How the article will be used in the dissertation to support it?

With the aim of ensuring that every source will be read properly, it is essential to identify and implement a range of strategies. First of all, critical thinking should be applied to reveal the main arguments and ideas of an article. The abstract and conclusion often contain the key information, which can be reviewed before reading the body. Second, the structure of the article should be evaluated for consistency and logical arguments. Third, more attention will be paid to definitions, concepts, and organizations, as well as figures and tables that were used by the authors. Such an approach allows for understanding the context of the study. Furthermore, the methodology section will clarify the instruments and procedures of the study, which is important to clarify the variables and the related results. The second, slow, and careful reading may be beneficial to better comprehend the article’s message, implications, and limitations. Thus, these strategies are aimed to ensure the critical reading of the articles based on their quality and reliability evaluation.

Evaluation of Reference Management and Filing Systems

The work on the literature review is a complex process that requires getting information structured and accessible. In particular, the attention to details is critical to reference one or another article properly and make sure that a researcher’s voice is present. The use of the bibliographic systems imparts the analytical skills and leads to a more comprehensive literature review (Phelps, Fisher, & Ellis, 2007). Concept mapping is a tool that allows researchers to visualize the associations between the concepts, thus promoting new ideas. The main advantages of this method lie in its structure and cross-links. Conceição, Samuel, and Yelich Biniecki (2017) state that the latter increases the level of precision and organization of information. For example, an agglomerative cluster analysis is one of the most advanced forms of concept mapping, which also can be expressed in the form of diagrams (Conceição et al., 2017). The disadvantage of concept mapping is related to a lack of arguments.

The mind mapping refers to the non-linear representation of the associations with a certain topic. Compared to concept mapping, it is less structured, and it can be used as the first step in organizing data and finding the key points of research (Davies, 2011). The benefits of this method include its free form and the changeable structure. At the same time, it develops creative thinking, but the existence of clear links can be viewed as the main disadvantage that may be a barrier to understanding a full picture. In turn, argument mapping is a computer-aided system with the purpose of building inferential links between the arguments. The focus on a particular sub-category of relationships is the paramount advantage of the identified system. Another advantage of this system is that it provides the opportunity to evaluate the validity of arguments, while each of them is to be grounded. However, argument mapping cannot take into account tangential relationships, such as a cause and effect (Davies, 2011). Also, some assumptions made by this type of mapping can be too specific and broad, which, in fact, is not correct.

A bibliographic system that is presented in the Excel format is another option to organize and monitor information for the literature review. According to Martelo (2011), it can include “authors, bibliography using an appropriate style guide, type of document, quotation-including page numbers, categories, and comments” (p. 64). Among the main advantages of such systems, one may note the use of filters and categories to find the required information. The process of creating the bibliographic systems is time-consuming, and typographical errors may occur. Suhr (2006) claims that structural equation modeling is a viable method to present, assess, and verify the links between variables. While it is a multivariate and flexible technique, structural equation modeling is more complicated compared to other methods.

For the dissertation, concept mapping and the bibliographic system in Excel will be applied to represent and structure the necessary information. The combination of these methods is likely to reveal the most critical links between the variables and their description. Based on concept mapping, the researcher will clarify the areas to be explored and the questions to be addressed. Furthermore, the completion of the bibliographic system will be important to clarify the details of the articles. These systems will also be beneficial for one’s academic career since they will provide the platform for storing and renewing data regarding my professional interests.

Charts

Topic 1: Socioeconomic Status and Access to Therapy
Author / Title	Purpose	Framework	Sample / Participants	Design	Variables / Instruments	Results / Conclusions	Controversies / Disagreements with other authors	Limitations	Implications for practice, research, theory
Delgadillo (2018). Worlds apart: Social inequalities and psychological care.	To review the recent literature	Contemporary research	N/A	Literature review	N/A	People with a low socioeconomic status have limited access to the therapy	Consistent with others	Limited to the sources included	Helps to understand current trends and barriers to therapy
DelgadilloAsaria, Ali, & Gilbody, (2016). On poverty, politics and psychology: The socioeconomic gradient of mental healthcare utilisation and outcomes.	To understand the impact of the program	The Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) program	IAPT	Literature review	N/A	The areas with low income has more problems, and they are less likely to recover	N/A	Research is limited to England	Clarifies a lack of access to therapy for treating depression and anxiety issues
Epping, Muschik, & Geyer, (2017). Social inequalities in the utilization of outpatient psychotherapy: Analyses of registry data from German statutory health insurance.	To analyze social inequalities in the use of therapy	Three socio-economic (SES)	N = 746,963; 10,711 women and men with psychotherapy	Logistic regression analyses	Statistical procedures	Qualification (education) was found as the most critical factor in poor therapy access	Prioritizes education instead of income level	Research is limited to Germany	Shows the alternative understanding of the problem causes
Khazaie, Rezaie, Shahdipour & Weaver (2016). Exploration of the reasons for dropping out of psychotherapy: A qualitative study.	To investigate the reasons for patient drop out from psychotherapy	N/A	15 patients	Qualitative study, conventional content analysis	Semi-structured interviews	The four reasons were identified: financial problems, non-user friendly therapy, poor socio-cultural context, dissatisfaction with the quality	Provides a systemic view on the causes of patient drop out	Research is limited to Kermanshah, Iran and sample size	Extends the current literature by adding more valuable findings
Villatoro, Mays, Ponce, & Aneshensel (2018). Perceived need for mental health care: The intersection of race, ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status.	To explore the perceived needs for receiving therapy	The intersection of a socioeconomic status, gender, ethnicity, and race	U.S. adults (18years or older; N= 14,906)	Interviews, statistical analysis	The Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys	Education and income are considered the main factors that cause patients to lower the perceived need for being treated	Consistent with others	Research is limited to the US context	The awareness of the revealed results is important to address the contemporary social inequalities and improve access to care

Topic 2: Influence of Socioeconomic Status and Culture on Human Expression
Author / Title	Purpose	Framework	Sample / Participants	Design	Variables / Instruments	Results / Conclusions	Controversies / Disagreements with other authors	Limitations	Implications for practice, research, theory
Becker, Kraus, & Rheinschmidt-Same (2017). Cultural expressions of social class and their implications for group-related beliefs and behaviors.	To analyze how social differences form cultural expressions	Facebook photographs	Study 1(113 participants), study 2(78 participants)	Statistical analysis	Social classes and cultural expressions	Lower social classes revealed the tendency to remain politically inactive	N/A	Only behavioral intentions were included	Psychological reactions are associated with social classes
Destin, Rheinschmidt-Same, & Richeson (2017). Status-based identity: A conceptual approach integrating the social psychological study of socioeconomic status and identity.	To explore the impact of a socioeconomic status on one’s identity	The term status-based identity	N/A	Statistical analysis	A status-based identity uncertainty scale	People’s construction of their identity impacts their behaviors and thoughts	Consistent with others	N/A	Extends the literature on n socioeconomic status dimensions
Ford, Lam, John, & Mauss (2018). The psychological health benefits of accepting negative emotions and thoughts: Laboratory, diary, and longitudinal evidence.	To examine habitual acceptance and related health benefits	Psychological health	Study 1 (N = 1,003), (Study 2, N = 156), and Study 3, N = 222)	Statistical analysis,	Laboratory studies	Psychological acceptance proved to be useful to reduce stressors and lower negative responses	N/A	Sample size	Provides a unique link between the explored issues
Manstead (2018). The psychology of social class: How socioeconomic status impacts thought, feelings, and behaviour.
Neblett, Bernard, & Banks (2016). The moderating roles of gender and socioeconomic status in the association between racial discrimination and psychological adjustment.

References

Becker, J. C., Kraus, M. W., & Rheinschmidt-Same, M. (2017). Cultural expressions of social class and their implications for group-related beliefs and behaviors. Journal of Social Issues, 73(1), 158-174.

Conceição, S. C., Samuel, A., & Yelich Biniecki, S. M. (2017). Using concept mapping as a tool for conducting research: An analysis of three approaches. Cogent Social Sciences, 3(1), 1-18.

Davies, M. (2011). Concept mapping, mind mapping and argument mapping: What are the differences and do they matter?. Higher Education, 62(3), 279-301.

Delgadillo, J. (2018). Worlds apart: Social inequalities and psychological care. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 18(2), 111-113.

Delgadillo, J., Asaria, M., Ali, S., & Gilbody, S. (2016). On poverty, politics and psychology: The socioeconomic gradient of mental healthcare utilisation and outcomes. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 209(5), 429-430.

Destin, M., Rheinschmidt-Same, M., & Richeson, J. A. (2017). Status-based identity: A conceptual approach integrating the social psychological study of socioeconomic status and identity. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(2), 270-289.

Epping, J., Muschik, D. & Geyer, S. (2017). Social inequalities in the utilization of outpatient psychotherapy: Analyses of registry data from German statutory health insurance. International Journal for Equity in Health, 16(1), 1-8.

Ford, B. Q., Lam, P., John, O. P., & Mauss, I. B. (2018). The psychological health benefits of accepting negative emotions and thoughts: Laboratory, diary, and longitudinal evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 115(6), 1075-1092.

Khazaie, H., Rezaie, L., Shahdipour, N., & Weaver, P. (2016). Exploration of the reasons for dropping out of psychotherapy: A qualitative study. Evaluation and Program Planning, 56, 23-30.

Manstead, A. (2018). The psychology of social class: How socioeconomic status impacts thought, feelings, and behaviour. The British Journal of Social Psychology, 57(2), 267-291.

Martelo, M. L. (2011). Use of bibliographic systems and concept maps: Innovative tools to complete a literature review. Research in the Schools, 18(1), 62-70.

Neblett Jr, E. W., Bernard, D. L., & Banks, K. H. (2016). The moderating roles of gender and socioeconomic status in the association between racial discrimination and psychological adjustment. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 23(3), 385-397.

Phelps, R., Fisher, K., & Ellis, A. (2007). Organizing and managing your research: A practical guide for postgraduates. New York, NY: Sage.

Suhr, D. (2006). The basics of structural equation modeling. Presented: Irvine, CA, SAS User Group of the Western Region of the United States (WUSS), 1-19.

Villatoro, A. P., Mays, V. M., Ponce, N. A., & Aneshensel, C. S. (2018). Perceived need for mental health care: The intersection of race, ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status. Society and Mental Health, 8(1), 1-24.